Agroforestry and farm forestry projects are a mixed reduction-and-removal project type within the agriculture & soils segment of the carbon market. They are designed to integrate trees into agricultural systems, often delivering both removals and broader farm-level emission benefits. The carbon benefit comes from net CO2 removal into trees and soils, sometimes alongside reduced on-farm emissions. Common project configurations include Silvopasture; coffee agroforestry; mixed-species farm forestry.

Because trees are integrated into working landscapes, these projects often combine carbon outcomes with productivity, shade, soil, and livelihood benefits. These projects can protect large carbon stocks and important ecosystems, but their credibility depends heavily on baseline setting, leakage control, permanence, and the strength of social and land-rights safeguards. For buyers and program designers, the most important diligence questions are: How are tree survival, land tenure, farmer participation, and leakage handled? Are soil and non-CO2 effects clearly separated?